Pricing for On-Demand Capacity

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Key terms

DynamoDB features and billing overview

Integrations with DynamoDB billing overview

DynamoDB pricing

• • Read and write requests

  When you select on-demand capacity mode for your DynamoDB table, you pay only for the reads and writes your application performs. You can make API calls as needed without managing throughput capacity on the table. DynamoDB handles the management of hardware resources to accommodate your workload with consistent, low-latency performance. DynamoDB charges one write request unit for each write (up to 1 KB) and two write request units for transactional writes. For reads, DynamoDB charges one read request unit for each strongly consistent read (up to 4 KB), two read request units for each transactional read, and one-half read request unit for each eventually consistent read. The prices for read and write requests depend on your table class.
  

• • Data storage

  You do not need to provision storage: DynamoDB monitors the size of your tables continuously to determine your storage charges. DynamoDB measures the size of your billable data by adding the raw byte size of your data plus a per-item storage overhead that depends on the features you have enabled. See the DynamoDB Developer Guide to learn more. The price for data storage depends on your table class.
  

• • Backup and restore

  DynamoDB offers two methods to back up your table data. Continuous backups with point-in-time recovery (PITR) provide an ongoing backup of your table for the preceding 35 days. You can restore your table to the state of any specified second in the preceding five weeks. On-demand backups create snapshots of your table to archive for extended periods to help you meet corporate and governmental regulatory requirements.

  Continuous backups (PITR)

  DynamoDB charges for PITR based on the size of each DynamoDB table (table data and local secondary indexes) on which it is enabled. DynamoDB monitors the size of your PITR-enabled tables continuously throughout the month to determine your backup charges and continues to bill you until you disable PITR on each table.

  On-demand backup

  DynamoDB charges for on-demand backups based on the storage size of the table (table data and local secondary indexes). The size of each backup is determined at the time of each backup request. The total backup storage size billed each month is the sum of all backups of DynamoDB tables. DynamoDB monitors the size of on-demand backups continuously throughout the month to determine your backup charges.

  You can use DynamoDB or AWS Backup to create and manage on-demand backups. To learn more, see Using On-Demand Backup and Restore. With AWS Backup you can centralize and automate data protection across AWS services. AWS Backup also offers advanced features such cross-account and cross-Region on-demand backup copying, low-cost storage tier, backup tagging, and backup encryption that is independent from its source data to help meet your business continuity requirements and optimize backup costs. Additional charges apply for cross-Region data transfer. For more information about these charges, see AWS Backup pricing.
  

  * Cold backup storage is supported for on-demand backups that are managed by AWS Backup only. You can opt-in to use AWS Backup from the AWS Management Console. 
  Backups that are transitioned to Cold Storage have a minimum 90 days of storage, and backups deleted before 90 days incur a pro-rated charge equal to the storage charge for the remaining days.

  Restoring a table

  Restoring a table from on-demand backups or PITR is charged based on the total size of data restored (table data, local secondary indexes, and global secondary indexes) for each request.
  

  * Restoring from cold backup storage is supported for on-demand backups that are managed by AWS Backup only. You can opt-in to use AWS Backup from the AWS Management Console. Cold  backup storage is not applicable for continuous backups with point-in-time recovery (PITR). 

• • Global tables

  When you select on-demand capacity mode for your DynamoDB global tables, you pay only for the resources your application uses on each replica table. Write requests for global tables are measured in replicated write request units instead of standard write request units. The number of write request units consumed for replication depends on the version of global tables you are using. For more information, see Best Practices and Requirements for Managing Global Tables. Read requests and data storage are billed consistently with tables that are not global tables. The pricing depends on your table class. If you add a table replica to create or extend a global table in new Regions, DynamoDB charges for a table restore in the added Regions per gigabytes of data restored. Cross-Region replication and adding replicas to tables that contain data also incur charges for data transfer out. See the "Data transfer" section on this pricing page for details.
  

• • Change data capture for Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

  DynamoDB charges for change data capture for Amazon Kinesis Data Streams in change data capture units. DynamoDB charges one change data capture unit for each write (up to 1 KB). You pay only for the writes your application performs without having to manage throughput capacity on the table.
  
  Kinesis Data Streams charges still apply when you replicate DynamoDB changes to a Kinesis data stream. For more information, see Amazon Kinesis Data Streams pricing.

• • Warm throughput

  By default, Warm Throughput values are visible for all Amazon DynamoDB tables and indexes. These values automatically adjust as you increase your provisioned throughput or on-demand consumption at no extra charge. However, if you choose to manually increase these values, additional charges will apply.
  
  When you request to prewarm your tables or indexes by setting new warm throughput values for reads and writes, DynamoDB charges based on the difference between the new values and the current warm throughput that the table or index can support. You will incur a one-time fee at the regional rate of one read capacity unit (RCU) for every unit increase in read warm throughput and one write capacity unit (WCU) for every unit increase in write warm throughput. These charges apply to both DynamoDB Standard and Standard-Infrequent Access table classes.
  
  If you prewarm a global table replica for reads, writes, or both, all replicas will be prewarmed to match the same warm throughput values. You will be charged in each AWS Region that is part of the global table configuration.
  
  Example: Assume you have a DynamoDB Standard table in the US East (N. Virginia) region with a current warm throughput of 12,000 read units per second and 4,000 write units per second. For an upcoming peak event, you expect the table to need 100,000 read units per second, so you set this as the new read warm throughput value. You will incur a one-time fee for the additional 88,000 read units (the difference between 100,000 and 12,000) at the rate of $11.44 (88,000 units × $0.00013 per RCU). This billing structure applies whether you prewarm your table or index for reads or writes, in either the DynamoDB Standard or Standard-Infrequent Access table class. If this table is part of a global table setup with replicas in three regions, including US East (N. Virginia), all three replicas will be prewarmed to support a warm throughput of 100,000 read units per second. In addition to the charge in US East (N. Virginia), you will also be billed at the respective rates in each region that is part of the global table configuration.

• • Change data capture for AWS Glue

  DynamoDB charges for change data capture for AWS Glue in change data capture units. DynamoDB charges one change data capture unit for each write (up to 1 KB). You pay only for the writes your application performs without having to manage throughput capacity on your table.

  AWS Glue charges still apply when you replicate DynamoDB changes to an AWS Glue target database. For more information, see AWS Glue pricing.
  

• • Data export to Amazon S3

  Use this feature to export data from your DynamoDB continuous backups (point-in-time recovery) to Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). The supported output data formats are DynamoDB JSON and Amazon Ion. You can analyze the exported data by using AWS services such as Amazon Athena, Amazon SageMaker, and AWS Lake Formation.

  You can choose between a full export and an incremental export. Full exports are charged based on the size of each DynamoDB table (table data and local secondary indexes) at the specified point in time when the backup was created. Incremental exports are charged based on the size of data processed from continuous backups to generate the incremental export output. Additional charges apply for storing exported data in Amazon S3 and for PUT requests made against your Amazon S3 bucket. For more information about these charges, see Amazon S3 pricing.

• • Data import from Amazon S3

  Amazon DynamoDB data import provides a simple and efficient way to move data between Amazon S3 and DynamoDB tables without writing any code. You can copy tables between AWS regions and accounts to help migrate data and build new applications, facilitate data sharing and collaboration between teams, and help simplify disaster recovery and business continuity planning. Data import pricing is based on the uncompressed file size in Amazon S3. See Import from S3 for more details. The supported input data formats are CSV, DynamoDB JSON, and Amazon Ion.

  Amazon S3 charges also apply for storing your source data and for GET requests made against your Amazon S3 bucket. For more information about Amazon S3 charges, see Amazon S3 pricing.
  

• • Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)

  DAX is an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service. DynamoDB charges for DAX capacity by the hour and your DAX instances run with no long-term commitments. Pricing is per node-hour consumed and is dependent on the instance type you select. Each partial node-hour consumed is billed as a full hour. Pricing applies to all individual nodes in the DAX cluster. For example, if you have a three-node DAX cluster, you are billed for each of the separate nodes (three nodes in total) on an hourly basis. 

  There is no charge for data transfer between Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) and DAX within the same Availability Zone. Standard Amazon EC2 data transfer charges apply when transferring data between an Amazon EC2 instance and a DAX node in different Availability Zones of the same AWS Region. However, you are charged only for the data transfer into or out of the Amazon EC2 instance. There is no DAX data transfer charge for traffic into or out of the DAX node itself.

  DAX T3 instances run in unlimited mode, which means that you will be charged if your average CPU utilization over a rolling 24-hour period exceeds the baseline of the instance. CPU credits are charged at $0.096 per vCPU-hour. The CPU credit pricing is the same for all T3 instance sizes across all AWS Regions.

• • DynamoDB Streams

  DynamoDB charges for reading data from DynamoDB Streams in read request units. Each GetRecords API call is billed as a streams read request unit and returns up to 1 MB of data from DynamoDB Streams. Streams read request units are unique from read requests on your DynamoDB table. You are not charged for GetRecords API calls invoked by AWS Lambda as part of DynamoDB triggers. You also are not charged for GetRecords API calls invoked by DynamoDB global tables.
  

• • Data transfer

  Data transfer in and out refers to transfer into and out of DynamoDB. DynamoDB does not charge for inbound data transfer, and it does not charge for data transferred between DynamoDB and other AWS services within the same AWS Region (in other words, $0.00 per GB). Data transferred across AWS Regions (such as between DynamoDB in the US East [N. Virginia] Region and Amazon EC2 in the EU [Ireland] Region) is charged on both sides of the transfer. As part of the AWS Free Tier, AWS customers receive 100 GB of free data transfer out to the internet free each month, aggregated across all AWS Services and Regions (except China and GovCloud). For more information, see the AWS Free Tier. To transfer data exceeding 500 TB per month, contact us.

DynamoDB free tier

DynamoDB pricing examples

• • Basic example

  This example demonstrates how DynamoDB charges using on-demand capacity mode.

  Assume you create a new DynamoDB Standard table in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. Because this table is for a new application, you do not know what your traffic patterns will be. For simplicity, assume that each time a user interacts with your application, 1 write of 1 KB and 1 strongly consistent read of 1 KB are performed.
  

  For a period of 10 days, you receive little traffic to your application, resulting in 10,000 reads and 10,000 writes on your table each day. However, on day 11 your application gains attention on social media, and application traffic spikes to 2,500,000 reads and 2,500,000 writes that day. DynamoDB scales to deliver a seamless experience to your users. Your application then settles into a more regular traffic pattern, averaging 50,000 reads and 50,000 writes each day through the end of the month. The following table summarizes your total usage for the month.

  Timeframe (Day of Month)	Total Writes	Total Reads
  1–10	100,000 writes (10,000 writes x 10 days)	100,000 reads (10,000 reads x 10 days)
  11	2,500,000 writes	2,500,000 reads
  12–30	950,000 writes (50,000 writes x 19 days)	950,000 reads (50,000 reads x 19 days)
  Monthly total	3,550,000 writes	3,550,000 reads
  Monthly bill	$4.44 ($1.25 per million writes x 3.55 million writes)	$0.89 ($0.25 per million reads x 3.55 million reads)

   

  Data storage: Assume your table occupies 25 GB of storage at the beginning of the month and grows to 29 GB by the end of the month, averaging 27 GB based on DynamoDB continuous monitoring. Since your table class is set to DynamoDB Standard, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

  For the month, your bill will be $5.83, a total that includes $5.33 for reads and writes and $0.50 for data storage.

• • Detailed example

  This example demonstrates how DynamoDB charges using on-demand capacity mode.

  Assume you create a new DynamoDB Standard table in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. Because this table is for a new application, you do not know what your traffic patterns will be. For simplicity, assume that each time a user interacts with your application, 1 write of 1 KB and 1 strongly consistent read of 1 KB are performed.
  

  For a period of seven days, you receive little traffic to your application, resulting in 1,000 writes and reads to your table each day. However, on the eighth day your application gains the attention of a prominent influencer in your industry, and application traffic unexpectedly spikes to 10,000,000 writes and reads for the day. Your application then settles into a more regular traffic pattern, averaging 150,000 writes and reads each day for the next two weeks. Traffic then begins to trail off quickly, with transactions dropping to 10,000 writes and reads per day for the next seven days.

  Finally, unexpected attention on social media causes your application to go viral. For the final day of the month, your application performs 30,000,000 writes and reads on your table. The following table summarizes your total usage for the month.

  Timeframe (Day of Month)	Total Writes	Total Reads
  1–7	7,000 writes (1,000 writes x 7 days)	7,000 reads (1,000 reads x 7 days)
  8	10,000,000 writes	10,000,000 reads
  9–22	2,100,000 writes (150,000 writes x 14 days)	2,100,000 reads (150,000 reads x 14 days)
  23–29	70,000 writes (10,000 writes x 7 days)	70,000 reads (10,000 reads x 7 days)
  30	30,000,000 writes	30,000,000 reads
  Monthly total	42,177,000 writes	42,177,000 reads
  Monthly bill	$52.72 ($1.25 per million writes x 42.177 million writes)	$10.54 ($0.25 per million reads x 42.177 million reads)

  Data storage: Assume your table occupies 25 GB of storage at the beginning of the month and grows to 29 GB by the end of the month, averaging 27 GB based on continuous monitoring of your table size. Since your table class is set to DynamoDB Standard, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

  Backup and restore: If the sum of all your on-demand backup storage were 60 GB for a 30-day month, the monthly cost of your backups would be ($0.10 x 60 GB) = $6.00/month. However, if you delete 15 GB of your on-demand backup data 10 days into the monthly cycle, you are billed ($0.10 x 60 GB) - ($0.10 x 15 GB x 20/30) = $5.00/month. Now assume that in addition to performing on-demand backups, you use continuous backups. The average size of your table is 27 GB, resulting in a monthly cost of ($0.20 x 27 GB) = $5.40/month. If you need to restore your table at the end of the month, the cost is ($0.15 x 29 GB) = $4.35.

  Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: Now assume you enable streaming to a Kinesis data stream to process your data changes using Amazon Kinesis services. DynamoDB charges one change data capture unit for each write of 1 KB it captures to the Kinesis data stream. Assuming your application write traffic from earlier in this example is consistent for your Kinesis data stream, this results in 42,177,000 change data capture units over the course of the month. Your monthly cost will be ($0.10 x 42,177,000/1,000,000) = $4.22.

  Data export to Amazon S3: Let’s say you want to export table backups to Amazon S3 for analysis. If the size of your table at the specified point in time is 29 GB, the resulting export costs are: ($0.10 x 29 GB) = $2.90.

  Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX): DAX is an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service. You have determined that you need to accelerate the response time of your application and decide to use the DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) service. You review the available hardware specifications and determine that a three-node cluster of the t2.small instance type will suit your needs. You enable DAX on day 26. DynamoDB charges $0.12 per hour ($0.04 x 3 nodes), totaling $14.40 for the final 5 days in the month ($0.12 x 120 hours).

  Global tables: Now assume you choose to create a disaster recovery replica table in the US West (Oregon) Region. Assume that you add the replica in the US West (Oregon) Region when your table is 25 GB in size, resulting in $3.75 ($0.15 x 25 GB) of table restore charges. Adding this replica also generates 25 GB of data transfer, as detailed under the "Data transfer" section below. Also assume that your application traffic from earlier in this example is consistent for your global table. You will consume 84.35 million replicated write request units (42,177,000 writes x 2 Regions), as described in Best Practices and Requirements for Managing Global Tables, resulting in a charge of $158.16 (84.35 million replicated write request units x $1.875 per million). You also store an additional 27 GB of data in your replicated table in the US West (Oregon) Region. The first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier in each AWS Region for tables using the DynamoDB Standard table class. The remaining 2 GB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in additional table storage cost of $0.50 for the month.

  DynamoDB Streams: Assume you enable DynamoDB Streams and build your application to perform one read request per second against the streams data. Over the course of a month, this results in 2,592,000 streams read requests, of which the first 2,500,000 read requests are included in the AWS Free Tier. You pay only for the remaining 92,000 read requests, which are $0.02 per 100,000 read request units.

  Data transfer: Because you are transferring data between AWS Regions for your global tables implementation, DynamoDB charges for data transferred out of the Region but not for inbound data transfer. Assuming 42,177,000 writes of 1 KB each in the month, you would generate 40.22 GB in data to transfer between Regions. Adding the replica in the US West (Oregon) Region generates an additional 25 GB of data transfer. You will be charged $5.94 ($0.09 x [41 + 25]) GB) for inter-region data transfer.

  In summary, your total monthly charges for a single-Region DynamoDB table are:

  • Write traffic: $52.72
  • Read traffic: $10.54
  • Data storage: $0.50
  • On-demand backup: $5.00
  • Continuous (PITR) backup: $5.40
  • Table restore: $4.35
  • Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: $4.22
  • Data export to Amazon S3: $2.90
  • Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service: $14.40
  • DynamoDB Streams: $0.02

  Total charges: $100.05

  Your total monthly DynamoDB charges after adding the US West (Oregon) Region are:

  • Read traffic: $10.54
  • Data storage in US East (N. Virginia): $0.50
  • On-demand backup: $5.00
  • Continuous (PITR) backup: $5.40
  • Table restore in US East (N. Virginia): $4.35
  • Change data capture for Kinesis Data Streams: $4.22
  • Data export to Amazon S3: $2.90
    
  • Integration with DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX), an Amazon DynamoDB-compatible caching service: $14.40
  • DynamoDB Streams: $0.02
  • Global tables table restore in US West (Oregon): $3.75
  • Global tables replicated write requests: $158.16
  • Global tables data storage in US West (Oregon): $0.50
  • Data transfer: $5.94

  Total charges: $215.68
  

• • Example using different table classes

  In this example, we will demonstrate how you can reduce your table’s monthly charges by choosing the DynamoDB table class that best suits your table’s storage and data access patterns. 

  Assume you have a table in the US East (N. Virginia) Region. Your table already occupies 1 TB of historical data. The data is not frequently accessed but needs to be immediately available to your users when needed. Now, assume your data storage grows to 1.4 TB by the end of the month, averaging 1.2 TB based on continuous monitoring of your table size. Your table has a traffic pattern within the month that results in a total of 42.5 million writes and 42.5 million reads. For simplicity, assume that each time a user interacts with your application, 1 write of 1 KB and 1 strongly consistent read of 1 KB are performed.

  We will start by estimating your table’s monthly charges using the DynamoDB Standard table class. 

  Monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard table class

  Setting your table class to DynamoDB Standard, you will be billed as follows.

  Data Storage: Using the DynamoDB Standard table class, the first 25 GB of storage are included in the AWS Free Tier. The remaining 1.175 TB of storage are charged at $0.25 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $293.75 for the month.

  Reads and writes: You will be charged for

  42.5 million writes x $1.25 per million writes = $53.125 for write requests,
  42.5 million reads x $0.25 per million reads = $10.625 for read requests.

  In summary, your total monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard table class are:

  • Write traffic: $53.125
  • Read traffic: $10.625
  • Data storage: $293.75

  Your total monthly charges using the DynamoDB Standard table class are $357.50. 

  Monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class

  As shown previously, when using the DynamoDB Standard table class, the storage cost is greater than 50 percent of the costs of reads and writes. When storage is the dominant cost (greater than 50 percent of the costs of reads and writes) using DynamoDB Standard table class, you can optimize for cost by switching to the DynamoDB Standard-IA table class. Given the same workload, now assume that you switched the table class to DynamoDB Standard-IA at the beginning of the next month. You will be billed as follows.

  Data storage: The 1.2 TB of storage are charged at $0.10 per GB, resulting in a table storage cost of $120.00 for the month.

  Reads and writes: You will be charged for

  42.5 million writes x $1.56 per million writes = $66.30 for write requests,
  42.5 million reads x $0.31 per million reads = $13.18 for read requests.

  In summary, your total monthly charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class are:

  • Write traffic: $66.30
  • Read traffic: $13.18
  • Data storage: $120.00

  Total charges using DynamoDB Standard-IA table class: $199.48.

  Using DynamoDB Standard-IA for your table reduces your table’s total monthly charges by 44.2%, or $158.03.